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2.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 41(2): 173-180, June 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-722912

RESUMO

Different evaluations and research carried out between 1950 and 1970 showed that undernutrition and poverty during the early years of life were the main cause for early mortality (50% of all deaths in children 0 to 15 years of age) and permanent damage in those who survived. These were a "hidden threat" which hampered the advancement to equal opportunity and the socioeconomic improvement of the country. Making people aware of this reality was crucial to implement interventions to prevent the damage to children before and after birth.


Diversas evaluaciones e investigaciones científicas realizadas en Chile durante el periodo 1950-1970, permitieron ir comprobando que la desnutrición y la pobreza durante los primeros periodos de la vida, constituían las principales causantes, tanto de la elevada mortalidad temprana (50% de las muertes antes del 15 años de vida), como de los daños permanentes en los que sobrevivían. "Un mal oculto", que ancestralmente estaba impidiendo avanzar hacia la igualdad de oportunidades y el desarrollo económico y social del país. La llamada de atención y toma de conciencia de la realidad, era indispensable como primera etapa pragmática para lograr implementar intervenciones destinadas a prevenir el daño desde el momento de nacer y aun antes, durante el embarazo.


Assuntos
Dano Encefálico Crônico , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil , Criança , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Mortalidade Infantil , Saúde da Criança
3.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 41(2): 181-190, June 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-722913

RESUMO

To prevent the damage, successful interventions were implemented to protect the child during the early years. As a result, 98% of children less than 5 years of age grew and developed according to WHO guidelines. This created a "domino effect" in older children reflected by the increased demands in education and health care followed by a period of rapid socioeconomic development. We can conclude that investment in prevention of undernutrition in the early years of life has been highly profitable. The example of Chile can be used as a model for other countries who still suffer from undernutrition and poverty.


Para prevenir el daño se implantaron exitosas intervenciones, destinada a proteger al niño durante los primeros períodos de la vida. Como resultado, el 98% de los menores de cinco años en el país, está creciendo y desarrollándose dentro de parámetros normales establecidos por la OMS. En los años sucesivos, el impacto (efecto dominó) fue repercutiendo en edades posteriores, exteriorizándose en el incremento de las demandas educacionales y de salud, que culminaron con un posterior período de rápido desarrollo social y económico. Se concluye que la inversión en la prevención de la desnutrición de los primeros períodos de la vida, ha sido altamente rentable y no comparable con ninguna otra. El ejemplo de lo ocurrido en Chile durante este periodo, puede ser de utilidad para otros países de la región que aún padecen de similares problemas nutricionales y de pobreza.


Assuntos
Criança , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Dano Encefálico Crônico/prevenção & controle , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/prevenção & controle , Criança , Saúde da Criança , Programas Nacionais de Saúde
4.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 85(2): 229-237, abr. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-711585

RESUMO

Ya son varios los países que han aceptado la marihuana como una droga "blanda", diferente a otras más peligrosas. Incluso se le ha atribuido diversas propiedades terapéuticas. Otros sin embargo piensan que su uso debería prohibirse, dadas las interferencias mentales y las alteraciones del comportamiento que produce, ya sea por su consumo esporádico, como también por los daños permanentes a que lleva su consumo crónico. Con el objeto de aclarar estas divergentes apreciaciones, se revisa la literatura científica existente. De ello se deduce el grave riesgo de su consumo crónico, especialmente para el adolescente por el significativo incremento de cuadros psicóticos y esquizofrénicos, los cuales pueden llegar a ser permanentes, mientras que su consumo durante el embarazo daña el desarrollo cerebral del feto en forma similar a lo que hace el alcohol en el síndrome fetal alcohólico. Investigaciones científicas también señalan que al fumar sus hojas, se va produciendo un daño bronquial, aún más grave que con el tabaco, incluyendo el cáncer pulmonar. En conclusión, el concepto de que la marihuana es una droga "blanda", libre de riesgos para la salud, constituye un grave error, dado la concluyente investigación científica disponible que señala lo contrario.


There are already several countries that have accepted marijuana as a soft drug, separating it from more dangerous ones. Yarious therapeutic properties have even been attributed to its use. Others, however, think that its use should be prohibited due to the mental interference and behavioral changes produced either by its occasional use as well as the permanent mental damage linked to chronic marijuana use. In order to clarify this divergence of opinions, the scientific literature is reviewed. It is concluded that there is a serious risk, especially for teenagers, associated to chronic marijuana use due to the presence of more frequent psychotic and schizophrenic episodes, which can be permanent, while consumption during pregnancy results in brain damage to the fetus, similar to fetal alcohol syndrome. Scientific research also indicated that smoking marijuana produces an even more severe bronchial damage than tobacco, with risk of lung cancer. In conclusion, the notion that marijuana is a risk-free soft drug is a serious mistake, based on the available conclusive scientific research that shows the opposite.


Assuntos
Humanos , Canabinoides/farmacologia , Fumar Maconha/legislação & jurisprudência , Dronabinol/farmacologia
5.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 85(2): 229-37, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25697213

RESUMO

There are already several countries that have accepted marijuana as a soft drug, separating it from more dangerous ones. Yarious therapeutic properties have even been attributed to its use. Others, however, think that its use should be prohibited due to the mental interference and behavioral changes produced either by its occasional use as well as the permanent mental damage linked to chronic marijuana use. In order to clarify this divergence of opinions, the scientific literature is reviewed. It is concluded that there is a serious risk, especially for teenagers, associated to chronic marijuana use due to the presence of more frequent psychotic and schizophrenic episodes, which can be permanent, while consumption during pregnancy results in brain damage to the fetus, similar to fetal alcohol syndrome. Scientific research also indicated that smoking marijuana produces an even more severe bronchial damage than tobacco, with risk of lung cancer. In conclusion, the notion that marijuana is a risk-free soft drug is a serious mistake, based on the available conclusive scientific research that shows the opposite.


Assuntos
Legislação de Medicamentos , Abuso de Maconha/epidemiologia , Fumar Maconha/legislação & jurisprudência , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Abuso de Maconha/complicações , Fumar Maconha/efeitos adversos , Gravidez
8.
Artigo | PAHO-IRIS | ID: phr-35521

RESUMO

Reunión del Comité Asesor sobre Investigaciones Médicas, 20. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 8-11 jun. 1981


Assuntos
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde , Programas e Políticas de Nutrição e Alimentação , Pesquisa , Chile
9.
Artigo | PAHO-IRIS | ID: phr-35466

RESUMO

Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medical Research, 20. Pan American Health Organization; 8-11 Jun. 1981


Assuntos
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde , Estado Nutricional , Pesquisa , Chile
11.
12.
Artigo | PAHO-IRIS | ID: phr-35039

RESUMO

Spanish and English documents are bound together in one volume. Available only in English Spanish


Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medical Research, 16. Pan American Health Organization; 11-15 Jul. 1977


Assuntos
Pesquisa , Programas e Políticas de Nutrição e Alimentação , Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde , América Latina , Região do Caribe
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